Chapter 12

While reading Chapter 12, I found it interesting when it read, " Far more numerous than gathers and hunters were those many peoples who though fully agricultural, had avoided incorporation into larger empires or civilizations and had not developed their own city-or state- based societies." I found this quote to be interesting because people payed more attention to the agricultural rather than trying to make city and societies. Another quote that caught my attention was, "In Africa, pastoral peoples stayed independent of established empires several centuries longer than those of Inner Asia, for not until the late nineteenth century were they incorparated into European colonial states." This caught my attention because pastoral people stayed focused and created great things for themselves. If you truly think about it, the by pastoral staying focused the were able to set high standards and establish empires and things to make a better living. Lastly, "Farming and pastoral societies of the fifteenth century world were its civilizations, those city-centered and state-centered societies that were far larger and more densely populated, more powerful and innovative, and much more unequal in terms of class and gender than other forms of human community" was interesting because agricultural and pastoral societies help keep agriculture around for a long time and then cities and states which help the pastoral societies.

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